Inhabitants in 1991 : 2,041
The Municipal territory of Marciano della Chiana extends for 23,74 square
kilometres on the modestly rolling, richly cultivated hills between the
Canale Maestro della Chiana to the east and the Esse stream to the south
west. It was a fortified Court and became Seat of community in 1775.
Marciano, as confirmed by the find of a subterranean tomb in 1830, was
an Etruscan centre almost certainly dependant on the Lucomona
of Chiusi, then it became a Roman Colony. It is documented in XI
century as Fortified Court, in 1181 it was donated to the Chapter
of the Cathedral of Arezzo
and as such confirmed ten years later by a prerogative by Arrigo VI, Subsequently
the Tarlati became Lords and maintained possession of Marciano
until 1384 when Arezzo and its district was acquired by the
republic Fiorentina ; on this occasion Marciano was protagonist
of an extraordinary, if weak resistance to the Fiorentina conquest
which, however, obtained for them honourable conditions of surrender
and the preservation of their civil jurisdiction. Bound to the Podesta
office of Foiano in 1417, this frontier castle became particularly
fortified during the XV century ; in 1439 it suffered the
assault by the captain of fortune Bernardino della Carda who possessed
it for a brief period, in 1554 in the Scannagallo hills surrounding
Marciano there was the battle which was decisive for the destiny
of the Siena republic, between the Mediceo Spanish army and that of the
Senese French : in memory of the event Cosimo I had a temple by Bartolomeo
Ammannati erected on the site, entitled Santa Vittoria.
Historical info reproduced upon authorization of Regione Toscana - Dipartimento della Presidenza E Affari Legislativi e Giuridici
Translated by Ann Mountford
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